What are Autism and ADHD?

The diagnostic criteria for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are divided into two main categories: inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. To be diagnosed with ADHD, an individual must exhibit six or more symptoms of inattention for at least six months. These symptoms may include difficulty paying attention, trouble staying focused on tasks, not following through on instructions, disorganization, avoiding tasks that require mental effort, frequently losing necessary items, being easily distracted, and forgetfulness. In addition, the individual must show six or more symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity, which also need to have persisted for at least six months. Symptoms in this category might include fidgeting or squirming in their seat, leaving their seat when expected to stay seated, running or climbing in inappropriate situations, talking excessively, blurting out answers before questions are fully asked, having difficulty waiting their turn, and interrupting or intruding on others. Additionally, these symptoms must be present in two or more settings (such as at home and school), cause significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning, and have an onset before age 12. In summary, a diagnosis of ADHD requires a considerable number of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity behaviors that affect daily life, persist over time, and occur in multiple environments.

The diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) focus on two primary areas: social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors. To be diagnosed with autism, an individual must demonstrate persistent difficulties in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts, which may include challenges in social-emotional reciprocity (like difficulty in sharing interests or emotions), nonverbal communicative behaviors (such as avoiding eye contact or not using appropriate facial expressions), and developing, maintaining, or understanding relationships (including trouble adjusting behavior to suit different social contexts). Additionally, individuals must exhibit restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities, characterized by at least two of the following: stereotyped or repetitive motor movements (like hand-flapping), insistence on sameness or routines, highly restricted interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus, and hyper- or hypo-reactivity to sensory input (such as being overly sensitive to sounds or textures). These symptoms must be present from early developmental periods and can cause significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Furthermore, the symptoms should not be better explained by an intellectual disability or global developmental delay. In summary, a diagnosis of autism requires a range of challenges in social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive behaviors that significantly impact everyday life.

Why should I consider an assessment for autism or ADHD?

 Understanding Behavior: An assessment can help clarify the reasons behind certain behaviors, difficulties in social interactions, communication challenges, and issues with attention or hyperactivity. Understanding these aspects can provide significant insights into an individual's experiences.

Targeted Support: A formal diagnosis can lead to targeted interventions and support tailored to an individual's specific needs. This may include therapeutic options, educational accommodations (at the discretion of the institution), and strategies for managing behaviors.

Access to Resources: A diagnosis can open doors to various resources, including special education services, therapy, support groups, and community programs designed to assist individuals with autism or ADHD.

Improved Self-Awareness: Understanding one's diagnosis can lead to improved self-awareness and self-advocacy. Individuals can learn about their strengths and challenges, which can empower them to seek appropriate support and develop coping strategies.

Family Support: Assessments not only benefit the individual but can also provide support and guidance for families. Understanding a loved one's condition can help families communicate better and create a supportive environment.

Identifying Co-Occurring Conditions: Many individuals with autism or ADHD may also experience other challenges, such as anxiety or learning disabilities. An assessment can help identify these co-occurring conditions, leading to more comprehensive care.

Overall, seeking an assessment for autism or ADHD is a proactive step toward understanding and supporting individuals in their unique journeys, leading to better outcomes and improved quality of life. 

How much do assessments usually cost?

When considering an assessment for ADHD and autism, it’s essential to evaluate the costs alongside the quality of service provided. In New York, the average cost for these assessments typically ranges from $2,000 to $3,000, which can be a significant financial burden for many families. In contrast, my services offer a more affordable option, with ADHD assessments priced at just $900 and autism assessments at $1,100.

I believe in affordable access to care, as it is vital for people to receive the support they need without excessive financial strain.  Additionally, it’s important to note that only Cigna and Aetna fully cover the cost of assessments conducted by LCSWs in the state of New York. This coverage can help alleviate some of the financial concerns associated with obtaining necessary evaluations.  Additionally, I can work with some insurances to cover the cost of the actual sessions themselves which can reduce the out-of-pocket administrative costs, typically reducing the price by about $300 to $400, If I am an in-network provider (Northwell Direct, Anthem BC/BS – Commercial Plans, United Health Care Commercial Plans, Oxford, Oscar, Medicare, and Healthfirst.)  I am an OON provider with NYSHIP, and GHI, however will provide courtesy billing.   I will provide a quote in writing prior to your first appointment.

Assessment Process

What does an assessment involve?

An assessment typically includes interviews, questionnaires, standardized tests, and observations. It assesses behavior, communication skills, and social interactions.

Who conducts the assessment?

In the State of New York, Assessments are usually conducted by licensed professionals, such as psychologists, developmental pediatricians, or Licensed Clinical Social Workers (LCSWs), trained in evaluating autism and ADHD.

Why should I choose an LCSW?

Using a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) for your ADHD and autism assessment offers several advantages. LCSWs are trained, licensed, professionals with expertise in assessing and treating a range of developmental and mental health conditions, including autism and ADHD. Their knowledge and education equips them to perform thorough evaluations and understand the nuances of these disorders. An LCSW can conduct a comprehensive assessment that includes interviews, standardized questionnaires, and behavioral observations, aiming to capture a complete picture of an individual’s strengths and challenges, which ensures an accurate diagnosis. They often adopt a person-centered approach, tailoring their assessments to the unique needs and circumstances of each individual by considering various factors, including family dynamics and environmental influences. Importantly, LCSWs employ a holistic approach, recognizing that mental health is interconnected with various aspects of a person's life, such as physical health, social supports, and family relationships. Overall, an LCSW can provide a supportive, knowledgeable, and thorough approach to assessing and addressing concerns related to these conditions, making them an excellent choice for these assessments.

 How long does the assessment take?

The duration can vary, but assessments typically take between 1 to 2 hours per session, often spread over multiple sessions.  In my practice, the average is 3-5 sessions, however each person is unique and sessions will be based on need.

 Are assessments only for children?

No, this is a common misconception.  Assessments can be conducted for individuals of all ages. Adults can also be assessed for autism and ADHD, often using different evaluation approaches.

Is the assessment process confidential?

Yes, the assessment process is confidential, and findings are shared only with authorized individuals, following applicable laws and regulations.

Post-Assessment

What happens after the assessment?

After your assessment, I will provide you with feedback that includes whether you meet the diagnostic criteria for ADHD or autism. I will also share recommendations for interventions, support services, or any further evaluations that might be necessary. My goal is to ensure you have a clear understanding of the results and the next steps to support your needs effectively.

 Will I receive a formal diagnosis?

If the assessment indicates that the individual meets the criteria, a formal diagnosis will be provided. This can be important for accessing services and support.  In the event a diagnosis cannot be established during the assessment, additional resources for follow up will be provided.

Support and Resources

What resources are available after diagnosis?

Many resources are available, including therapy options, educational support services, community programs, and support groups for families.  Over the course of my career, I have created a strong referral network, which will be provided after your assessment, based on your needs.

How can I support my child or loved one after an assessment?

Supporting a child or loved one after a diagnosis of ADHD or autism involves fostering an understanding and accepting environment that enhances their strengths while addressing their challenges. Begin by educating yourself about ADHD and autism to better comprehend their experiences and needs. Establishing a consistent routine can provide a sense of stability and security, while open communication allows them to express their feelings and frustrations. Encourage their interests and talents to build self-esteem, and seek out resources such as support groups or therapy to help both you and them navigate the journey. Collaborating with teachers, therapists, and other professionals to create tailored interventions can further assist in their development. Most importantly, show patience, love, and support, letting them know they are valued and understood.